Marker assisted selection of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for bacterial leaf blight disease resistance
Abstract
Majority of the cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties are susceptible to Bacterial Leaf Blight disease (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae. Since effective chemical and biological methods are not available, the preferred strategy for disease management is through varietal resistance. To develop BLB resistant varieties, identifying resistance genes in the available germplasm is an urgent need. Molecular characterisation using microsatellite markers is a powerful tool for screening germplasm for resistance gene. Among the various resistance genes, Xa5 is an important recessive bacterial blight resistant gene, which is effective and important in Asian rice breeding programmes. Hence main objective of the present study was marker assisted selection of rice germplasm accessions for Xa5 gene, using RM122, a closely linked microsatellite marker. Forty traditional rice genotypes from the germplasm of Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pattambi, were initially screened in field for BLB resistance. Out of them, only twenty genotypes which had either no or less symptoms of BLB disease, were utilized for marker assisted selection. The PCR products were subjected to gel Agarose electrophoresis (1.5%). Among the thirteen genotypes which displayed marker specific bands during gel electrophoresis, five genotypes viz., Karuthakuruka, Kuruva, Kokkankoli, Kochuvithu (Thamarakulam) and Punjaparathu had no symptoms of BLB, indicating that BLB resistance in these genotypes is due to the gene Xa5. Hence these five resistant genotypes can be utilised as donors for Marker Assisted Breeding, to develop BLB resistant rice varieties.
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